Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Immunobiology


The Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Immunobiology conducts basic and translational research at the intersection of molecular oncology, cancer immunology, cell biology, virology, and immunological diagnostics. The Laboratory aims to understand the mechanisms of oncogenic transformation and cancer progression, identify diagnostic and therapeutic markers, and develop new treatment strategies, including targeted therapies and immunotherapy.

Andrzej Rapak, DSc, conducts research on the use of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, the mechanisms that induce cancer-cell death, the biological activity of natural and synthetic compounds, and the use of immunoenzymatic methods in diagnostics.

Professor Jakub Siednienko conducts research in cancer immunobiology, innate antiviral responses, and the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies. His interests include the use of oncolytic viruses, analysis of the mechanisms that activate antiviral and antitumour responses, and the development of targeted therapies, including drug–carrier conjugates and approaches based on cancer-cell surface markers.

Aleksandra Bielawska-Pohl, PhD Eng., conducts research on cancer-cell biology, the assessment of cancer-cell responses to therapeutic agents, and the use of new technologies in biology and medicine, including methods based on cold plasma.

Justyna Kutkowska, PhD Eng., studies the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer-cell responses to treatment, with particular focus on tolerance to targeted therapy, drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells, and cell-death pathways.

Justyna Łopatecka, PhD, studies the mechanisms of innate immune responses and interactions between viruses and immune cells. Her main interests include antiviral defence mechanisms, the molecular regulation of inflammatory processes, and the biology of cells that play key roles in the early immune response.

The team’s expertise enables research ranging from the molecular and cellular levels, through assessment of therapeutic candidates, to the development of diagnostic tools and solutions with translational potential.

Contact

Acting Head

Andrzej Rapak

Andrzej Rapak, DSc, Professor of the Polish Academy of Sciences
ORCID: 0000-0003-4897-0287

Andrzej Rapak, DSc, is a specialist in biochemistry, immunology, and experimental oncology. He conducts basic and applied research into therapies and diagnostics in human and veterinary medicine.

His main research interest is the induction of cancer-cell death using combinations of synthetic and natural compounds, as well as specific monoclonal antibodies. His work also includes the use of immunological and biochemical methods to develop diagnostic tools and new therapeutic strategies.

He has co-authored 60 scientific publications and 12 patent applications. He has led four research and development projects funded by the National Centre for Research and Development (NCBR), including projects under the PBS2, PBS3, TANGO2, and POIR programmes, as well as three grants funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre (NCN). He received Silver and Gold Medals at the Brussels Innova World Exhibition of Inventions, Scientific Research, and New Technologies.

Education

Habilitated Doctor (DSc) in natural sciences, discipline of cell biology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, 2003;

Doctor of Natural Sciences in immunochemistry, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, 1990;

MSc Eng. in Chemistry, specialising in organic chemistry and polymers, Wrocław University of Technology, 1983.

International Research Experience

1998–2000 — Division of Biomedical Science, Imperial College of Medicine, London, United Kingdom; research fellow;

1993–1997 — Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway; postdoctoral fellow.

Professional Experience

Associate Professor at the Laboratory of Molecular Immunobiology of Cancer, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław. His research focuses on cancer biology, immunology, biochemistry, and applied research aimed at developing diagnostics and therapies.

Research team

Professors

Professor Jakub Siednienko
ORCID: 0000-0003-2358-5876

Professor Leon Strządała – Professor Emeritus
ORCID: 0000-0002-7323-2254

Assistant Professors

Aleksandra Bielawska-Pohl, PhD Eng.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2757-5571

Justyna Kutkowska, PhD Eng.
ORCID: 0000- 0001-7148-7758

Postdoctoral Researcher

Justyna Łopatecka, PhD
ORCID: 0000-0003-3980-077X

Specialists

Janusz Matuszyk, DSc
ORCID: 0000-0002-0382-1272

Ewa Zioło, MSc

Technician

Katarzyna Niemira

Doctoral Researchers

Karolina Rusewicz, MSc Eng.

Magdalena Szaczkowska, MSc

Wojciech Wawręty, MSc

Angelika Kruszyńska, MSc Eng.

The most important scientific achievements
  • Development of immunological tests for detecting canine leukaemias and lymphomas

  • Development of effective antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs)

  • Demonstration of different mechanisms of action of azacitidine and decitabine

  • Description of the mechanism by which lanthanide nanoparticles are toxic to macrophages

Research methods
  • Molecular biology,

  • Cell-death assays,

  • NK-cell activity assays,

  • Protein and gene expression analysis,

  • Custom cytofluorometric assays,

  • ELISA and cell-based ELISA,

  • Flow cytometry

  • Cell microscopy

Key research equippment
  • Biosafety Level 2 (BSL-2) cell culture facility

  • Multifunctional ELISA plate reader (Varioskan)

  • Rapid protein-transfer system and gel documentation system – ChemiDoc (Bio-Rad)

  • Fluorescence microscope (Leica)

  • Real-time PCR instrument with a thermal cycler and other small laboratory equipment required for PCR analysis (Bio-Rad)

  • Incubator with oxygen-level control

The most important research projects (last 10 years)
  1. NCN MINIATURA 10 research project. Duration: 1 October 2026–1 October 2027. Project title: “Generation and characterisation of human cell models with AREL1 gene knockout involved in virus recognition.” Principal investigator: Justyna Łopatecka, PhD.
  2. Science4Business research project MNiSW/2025/DPI/279. Duration: 1 August 2026–31 January 2028. Project title: “Validation of an immunological lateral-flow test for detecting canine lymphomas and leukaemias.” Principal investigator: Andrzej Rapak, DSc.
  3. NCN MINIATURA 10 research project. Duration: 1 July 2026–1 July 2027. Project title: “Mechanisms of tolerance to targeted therapy in cutaneous melanoma: characterisation of drug-tolerant persister cells.” Principal investigator: Justyna Kutkowska, PhD Eng.
  4. NCN OPUS 27 research project UMO-2024/53/B/NZ3/03865. Duration: 10 January 2025–10 January 2028. Project title: “Understanding the function of DTX3L ligase in an antiviral response induced by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs).” Principal investigator: Jakub Siednienko.
  5. NCBR applied research project, number POIR.04.01.04-00-0025/20. Duration: 1 April 2021–30 December 2023. Project title: “Preclinical development of monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis and treatment of canine haematological malignancies.” Principal investigator: Andrzej Rapak, DSc.
  6. NCBR TANGO2 research project TANGO2/340428/NCBR/2017. Duration: 1 March 2017–30 October 2019. Project title: “Use of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis and targeted anticancer therapy of canine leukaemias and lymphomas.” Principal investigator: Andrzej Rapak, DSc.
  7. NCN research project no. 2011/03/B/NZ5/01533. Duration: 22 August 2012–21 August 2015. Project title: “Combined induction of cell death in canine leukaemia and lymphoma cells.” Principal investigator: Andrzej Rapak, DSc.
  8. NCN OPUS grant no. 2017/25/B/NZ5/02608. Duration: 9 March 2018–8 March 2021. Project title: “Molecular mechanism of action and assessment of the therapeutic effect of a combination of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and topoisomerase inhibitors in the treatment of colon cancer.” Principal investigator: Wojciech Kałas, DSc.

Selected peer review papers
  1. Studzińska A, Pieczka M, Kruszyńska A, Moniakowski L, Urbaniak A, Rapak A, Miazek A. Fab Antibody Fragments to Dog Leukocyte Antigen DR (DLA-DR) Directly Suppress Canine Lymphoma Cell Line Growth In Vitro and in Murine Xenotransplant Model. Cancers (Basel). 2025 Dec 23;18(1):48. doi: 10.3390/cancers18010048
  2. Leon Strzadala Context-dependent rewiring of dual-function proteins in cancer: a sequential strategy to restore apoptosis. Front. Oncol., 2025. 15:1675537. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1675537
  3. Stanisław Cudziło , Bożena Szermer-Olearnik , Sławomir Dyjak , Mateusz Gratzke , Kamil Sobczak , Anna Wróblewska , Agnieszka Szczygieł , Jagoda Mierzejewska , Katarzyna Węgierek-Ciura , Andrzej Rapak , Paulina Żeliszewska , Dawid Kozień , Zbigniew Pędzich , Elżbieta Pajtasz-Piasecka. Combustion Synthesis of Functionalized Carbonated Boron Nitride Nanoparticles and Their Potential Application in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Materials (Basel). 2024 May 18;17(10):2438. doi: 10.3390/ma17102438
  4. Dagmara Klopotowska, Janusz Matuszyk. Downregulation of MALAT1 in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024, 37, 101592, doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101592
  5. Grudzien M, Pawlak A, Kutkowska J, Ziolo E, Wysokińska E, Hildebrand W, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B, Strzadala L, Rapak A. A newly established canine NK-type cell line and its cytotoxic properties. Vet Comp Oncol. 2021 Sep;19(3):567-577. doi: 10.1111/vco.12695. Epub 2021 Apr 26. PMID: 33774906.
  6. Sabina Lachowicz , Jan Oszmiański , Andrzej Rapak , Ireneusz Ochmian . Profile and Content of Phenolic Compounds in Leaves, Flowers, Roots, and Stalks of Sanguisorba officinalis L. Determined with the LC-DAD-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Analysis and Their In Vitro Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Antiproliferative Potency.  Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2020 Aug 12;13(8):191. doi: 10.3390/ph13080191
  7. Grudzien M, Rapak A. Effect of Natural Compounds on NK Cell Activation. J Immunol Res. 2018 Dec 25;2018:4868417. doi: 10.1155/2018/4868417. PMID:30671486; PMCID: PMC6323526.
  8. Justyna Kutkowska, Leon Strzadala, Andrzej Rapak. Hypoxia increases the apoptotic response to betulinic acid and betulin in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Jan 5;333:109320. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109320.
  9. Tarasiuk K, Holec-Gąsior L, Ferra B, Rapak A. The development of an indirect ELISA for the detection of goose parvovirus antibodies using specific VP3 subunits as the coating antigen. BMC Vet Res. 2019 Aug 1;15(1):274. doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-2027-1. PMID: 31370852; PMCID: PMC6676559.
  10. Pawlak A, Ziolo E, Kutkowska J, Blazejczyk A, Wietrzyk J, Krupa A, Hildebrand W, Dziegiel P, Dzimira S, Obminska-Mrukowicz B, Strzadala L, Rapak A. A novel canine B-cell leukaemia cell line. Establishment, characterisation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Vet Comp Oncol. 2017 Dec;15(4):1218-1231. Doi: 10.1111/vco.12257. Epub 2016 Aug 9. PMID: 27506920.
  11. Lisowska M, Milczarek M, Ciekot J, Kutkowska J, Hildebrand W, Rapak A, Miazek A. An Antibody Specific for the Dog Leukocyte Antigen DR (DLA-DR) and Its Novel Methotrexate Conjugate Inhibit the Growth of Canine B Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel). 2019 Sep 26;11(10):1438. doi: 10.3390/cancers11101438. PMID: 31561563; PMCID: PMC6827003.
  12. Pawlak A, Chybicka K, Zioło E, Strządała L, Kałas W. The Contrasting Delayed Effects of Transient Exposure of Colorectal Cancer Cells to Decitabine or Azacitidine. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Mar 16;14(6):1530. doi: 10.3390/cancers14061530. PMID: 35326680; PMCID: PMC8945888.
  13. Kaczorowska A, Lamperska W, Frączkowska K, Masajada J, Drobczyński S, Sobas M, Wróbel T, Chybicka K, Tarkowski R, Kraszewski S, Podbielska H, Kałas W, Kopaczyńska M. Profound Nanoscale Structural and Biomechanical Changes in DNA Helix upon Treatment with Anthracycline Drugs. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jun 10;21(11):4142. doi: 10.3390/ijms21114142. PMID: 32531996; PMCID: PMC7312087.
  14. Fidyt K, Fiedorowicz A, Strządała L, Szumny A. β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide-natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties. Cancer Med. 2016;5(10):3007-3017. doi: 10.1002/cam4.816.